History
The Saint Bernard breed originates from Switzerland. Native dogs of the Alps were crossed with Mastiffs to create the Saint Bernard. Then they were called the Alpine Cattle Dog. The Saint Bernard was named after Arch deacon Bernard who founded his hospice at a pass which was also named after him.
The hospice made it easier for people to cross the pass and the Saint Bernard dogs were used by monks to protect the grounds. The location of the monastery built the dogs into a breed that can survive in the cold. When the Saint Bernard became popular in other countries, their type began to change.
Crossbreeding made them taller and thinner. While some of these dogs are still at the hospice in Switzerland, they are no longer used to aid monks at the pass. They are now a reminder of the hospice history.